CRAUSSE

FRANCE (see also List of Individuals)

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2.1.1902 Rennes-les-Bains/F - 28.7.1978 Rennes-les-Bains (Aude)/F

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Etienne Crausse graduated in 1922 from Toulouse University and submitted there also his PhD thesis. He started his career in 1924 as a Lecturer at Institut Electrotechnique and accepted in 1936 the position of director at Ecole française d'Ingénieurs in Beyrouth, Lebanon. He was appointed professor at Faculté des Sciences of Algiers in 1949 and returned to France in 1961 to direct Institut National des Sciences Appliquées in Lyon. In the mid 1960s he moved to Marseille to take over directorship of its Faculté des Sciences. He was in parallel also involved in Université d'Avignon from 1963 to 1968. Crausse was a Member of the National Scientific Research Committee CNRS, and College Member of UNESCO experts. He was awarded the title Cavalier of Légion d'Honneur in 1959, Commander of Palmes Académiques in 1962, and the First Class Lebanon Merit in 1950. Prix Montyon was presented to Crausse in 1954 and he received the Laboratory Prize from Académie des Sciences, Paris, in 1961.

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Crausse has contributed to the knowledge of fluid mechanics, magneto-hydrodynamics and general hydraulics, and in addition founded two hydraulic laboratories. He was interested in the transitional regimes of viscous flows, in the hydraulic behavior of gates as used for spillways and bottom outlets, and the scour pattern of bridge piers. In magneto-hydrodynamics, Crausse investigated various transitional regimes again. Last but not least, Crausse was also a forerunner of solar energy users for cities in deserts. His 1951 book gives an overview on basic approaches as used in open channel hydraulics. A total of some 60 papers were mainly published in the Comptes Rendus of Académie des Sciences, Paris, and in scientific congresses.

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_{Anonymous (1968). Etienne Crausse. Who's who in France: 360. Lafitte: Paris.}

_{Anonymous (1973). Laboratoire de Magnétohydrodynamique, Centre Universitaire d'Avignon. Répertoire Générale de la Recherche 1: 187.}

_{Crausse, E. (1948). Phénomènes oscillatoires dus aux tourbillons alternés. Revue Générale de l'Hydraulique 14(47): 227-231.}

_{Crausse, E., Escande, L. (1951). Hydraulique des canaux découverts en régime permanent.}

_{Eyrolles: Paris.}

_{Crausse, E., Raud, J. (1957). Etude analogue des qualités drainantes d'une galerie munie de drains rayonnants. 9 Congrès International de Mécanique Appliquée 4: 316-327.}

_{Crausse, P. (2003). Etienne Crausse. Personal communication. P}